Context Engineering for Large Language Models: Foundations, Architectures, and Research Directions
A research synthesis, not a product pitch: what context engineering is, how it differs from prompt engineering and RAG, and what the literature — peer-reviewed and industry — currently says. Covers retrieval beyond top-k similarity (HyDE, Self-RAG, Corrective RAG), compression and the context-window fallacy, memory and the MemGPT operating-system analogy, tools and knowledge graphs as acquisition mechanisms, multimodal and multi-agent context, provenance and security, and a full set of open research gaps. Formal notation throughout — numbered, anchored equations; three diagrammed architectures; a 65+ paper bibliography with peer-review status labeled for every entry. Opens the Living Intelligence series.





